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Evaluating the sealing potential of young and thin mass-transport deposits: Lake Villarrica, Chile

View ORCID ProfileJasper Moernaut, Gauvain Wiemer, Achim Kopf and View ORCID ProfileMichael Strasser
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 500, 129-146, 13 March 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP500-2019-155
Jasper Moernaut
1Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Roles: [Conceptualization (Lead)], [Funding acquisition (Supporting)], [Investigation (Lead)], [Methodology (Equal)], [Project administration (Supporting)], [Visualization (Lead)], [Writing - Original Draft (Lead)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Lead)]
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Gauvain Wiemer
2MARUM – Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Roles: [Investigation (Equal)], [Methodology (Equal)]
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Achim Kopf
2MARUM – Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Roles: [Funding acquisition (Supporting)], [Resources (Lead)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Supporting)]
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Michael Strasser
1Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Roles: [Funding acquisition (Supporting)], [Investigation (Supporting)], [Project administration (Supporting)], [Resources (Supporting)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Supporting)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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Abstract

Subaqueous mass-transport deposits (MTDs) can be important elements in hydrocarbon systems, forming potential reservoirs or seals. Most research has targeted outcrops or moderately to deeply buried MTDs and, therefore, the petrophysical properties of near-seafloor MTDs, and their influence in the trapping and release of shallow fluids, is poorly studied. Here, we investigate shallow MTDs in Lake Villarrica (Chile) by combining sub-bottom profiles, free-fall penetrometer data, pore pressure dissipation tests and geotechnical properties of sediment cores. Low undrained shear strength under a surficial MTD indicates underconsolidation caused by sudden loading and rapid sealing. Larger, buried MTDs show acoustic signatures of free gas at their base, indicating effective sealing. This is supported by degassing core gaps just below MTDs and by excess pore pressure ratios c. 30–70% within MTDs. Acoustic windows below rafted blocks suggest local fluid escape. MTDs exhibit elevated undrained shear strength and reduced porosity compared to surrounding sediments, but are comparable to upslope source sequences. This suggests that MTD sealing capacity in Villarrica relates to the apparently overconsolidated nature of the slope sequence, leaving a minor role for shear densification. This study shows that shallow MTDs can form a relatively rapid seal for fluid migration, locally degraded by rafted blocks.

  • © 2020 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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Geological Society, London, Special Publications: 500 (1)
Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Volume 500
2020
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Evaluating the sealing potential of young and thin mass-transport deposits: Lake Villarrica, Chile

Jasper Moernaut, Gauvain Wiemer, Achim Kopf and Michael Strasser
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 500, 129-146, 13 March 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP500-2019-155
Jasper Moernaut
1Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Roles: [Conceptualization (Lead)], [Funding acquisition (Supporting)], [Investigation (Lead)], [Methodology (Equal)], [Project administration (Supporting)], [Visualization (Lead)], [Writing - Original Draft (Lead)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Lead)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Jasper Moernaut
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Gauvain Wiemer
2MARUM – Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Roles: [Investigation (Equal)], [Methodology (Equal)]
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  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Achim Kopf
2MARUM – Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Roles: [Funding acquisition (Supporting)], [Resources (Lead)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Supporting)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Michael Strasser
1Institute of Geology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Roles: [Funding acquisition (Supporting)], [Investigation (Supporting)], [Project administration (Supporting)], [Resources (Supporting)], [Writing - Review & Editing (Supporting)]
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Michael Strasser

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Evaluating the sealing potential of young and thin mass-transport deposits: Lake Villarrica, Chile

Jasper Moernaut, Gauvain Wiemer, Achim Kopf and Michael Strasser
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 500, 129-146, 13 March 2020, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP500-2019-155
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Setting and previous research on landslides in Lake Villarrica
    • Methods
    • Small near-surface MTD-A1 (AD 1960) without basal gas horizon
    • Large MTD-F1 and MTD-F2 (c. 2.1 ka BP) with basal gas horizon
    • Discussion
    • Conclusions
    • Acknowledgements
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