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The crater lake of Copahue volcano (Argentina): geochemical and thermal changes between 1995 and 2015

Mariano R. Agusto, Alberto Caselli, Romina Daga, Johan Varekamp, Alcira Trinelli, María Dos Santos Afonso, María Laura Velez, Pablo Euillades and Sergio Ribeiro Guevara
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 437, 107-130, 23 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP437.16
Mariano R. Agusto
1GESVA – IDEAN, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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  • For correspondence: magusto@gl.fcen.uba.ar
Alberto Caselli
3LESVA – Instituto de Investigación Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Viedma, Río Negro, Argentina
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Romina Daga
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
4Laboratorio de Análisis por Activación Neutrónica, CNEA, Bariloche, Argentina
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Johan Varekamp
5Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
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Alcira Trinelli
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
6LAQAGE – Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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María Dos Santos Afonso
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
7INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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María Laura Velez
1GESVA – IDEAN, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Pablo Euillades
8CEDIAC, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Sergio Ribeiro Guevara
4Laboratorio de Análisis por Activación Neutrónica, CNEA, Bariloche, Argentina
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Abstract

The crater lake and associated hydrothermal features of Copahue volcano have been studied intensively over the last 20 years (1995–2015). The geochemical and isotopic compositions of the waters provide insights into the processes occurring in the volcanic–hydrothermal system, the crater lake and the thermal springs. Variations in the temperature and chemical composition of the waters reveal fundamental changes in the system that precede and accompany the magmatic and phreatic eruptive events at Copahue. A conceptual model of the summit system was developed involving the intrusion of slivers of magma in the hot acidic hydrothermal cell, the saturation of waters with secondary minerals leading to reduced permeability, the blocking of fluid pathways by liquid sulphur during heating events and the transport of gas from the magma through the ductile–brittle transition into the hydrothermal system. Geophysical data were integrated with the chemical data to provide new insights into the behaviour of the deep magmatic system that feeds the volcano edifice. Multidisciplinary studies were used to identify precursory signals of eruptive activity to give an early warning of pending volcanic hazards. Several geochemical ratios in river water were identified as potential indicators of upcoming volcanic activity, which could be used in co-operation with the community and local authorities to deal with these volcanic hazards.

  • © 2017 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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Geological Society, London, Special Publications: 437 (1)
Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Volume 437
2017
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The crater lake of Copahue volcano (Argentina): geochemical and thermal changes between 1995 and 2015

Mariano R. Agusto, Alberto Caselli, Romina Daga, Johan Varekamp, Alcira Trinelli, María Dos Santos Afonso, María Laura Velez, Pablo Euillades and Sergio Ribeiro Guevara
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 437, 107-130, 23 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP437.16
Mariano R. Agusto
1GESVA – IDEAN, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: magusto@gl.fcen.uba.ar
Alberto Caselli
3LESVA – Instituto de Investigación Paleobiología y Geología, Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Viedma, Río Negro, Argentina
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Romina Daga
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
4Laboratorio de Análisis por Activación Neutrónica, CNEA, Bariloche, Argentina
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Johan Varekamp
5Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Alcira Trinelli
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
6LAQAGE – Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
María Dos Santos Afonso
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
7INQUIMAE, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
María Laura Velez
1GESVA – IDEAN, Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, 1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Pablo Euillades
8CEDIAC, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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  • Search for this author on this site
Sergio Ribeiro Guevara
4Laboratorio de Análisis por Activación Neutrónica, CNEA, Bariloche, Argentina
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  • Search for this author on this site

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The crater lake of Copahue volcano (Argentina): geochemical and thermal changes between 1995 and 2015

Mariano R. Agusto, Alberto Caselli, Romina Daga, Johan Varekamp, Alcira Trinelli, María Dos Santos Afonso, María Laura Velez, Pablo Euillades and Sergio Ribeiro Guevara
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 437, 107-130, 23 December 2016, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP437.16
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Chemical and thermal trends: observations
    • Isotope composition: δD and δ18O of water, δ34S, 129I and δ7Li
    • Changes in the volcanic–hydrothermal system during eruptive events
    • Conceptual model of the summit Copahue volcanic–hydrothermal system
    • Correlation with geophysical methods
    • Conclusions
    • Acknowledgments
    • References
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