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Peridotitic minerals of the Nidar Ophiolite in the NW Himalaya: sourced from the depth of the mantle transition zone and above

Souvik Das, Barun K. Mukherjee, Asish R. Basu and Koushick Sen Jr
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 412, 271-286, 20 May 2015, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP412.12
Souvik Das
1Petrology and Geochemistry Group, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS Road, Dehra Dun, 248001, India
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Barun K. Mukherjee
1Petrology and Geochemistry Group, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS Road, Dehra Dun, 248001, India
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Asish R. Basu
2Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
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Koushick Sen Jr
1Petrology and Geochemistry Group, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS Road, Dehra Dun, 248001, India
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Abstract

The Nidar Ophiolite Complex (NOC) consists of a c. 10 km thick ophiolite suite in the NW Himalaya, India. The c. 7 km thick lower ultramafic part of the ophiolite body terminates against the Tso Morari Crystallines, which represent the leading edge of the Indian continental margin. Mineral inclusions from the peridotites in the lower ultramafic part of the NOC were studied, including C2/c clinoenstatite, disordered coesite and high-pressure Mg2SiO4 (probably β-Mg2SiO4). These minerals, found in two lherzolite bodies from the ophiolite's mantle section, were characterized by laser Raman spectroscopy and electron micro-probe analysis. Textural evidence supporting decompression from an ultra-high-pressure condition was also observed, such as Cr spinel exsolution needles in olivine crystals. The systematic mineral phase transitions of coesite→quartz, high-pressure clinoenstatite→orthoenstatite and β-Mg2SiO4→Cr spinel exsolution needles in olivine suggest that the mantle section of the Nidar Ophiolite evolved from the deep mantle beneath a palaeo-spreading centre. The phase stabilities of these high-pressure minerals require derivation from the depth of the mantle transition zone (410–660 km). A transport mechanism for these minerals is suggested via dunite channels along a mantle adiabat in the focused convective flow below the spreading centre. This mechanism brought these deep mantle phases into the ultramafic part of the NOC. These observations suggest that some part of the mantle section of the NOC in the NW Himalaya originated in a mid-ocean ridge setting.

Supplementary material: Representative mineral chemical compositions of the lherzolites (1M1 and 1NU27) and the host channelized dunites are available at http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18836.

  • © 2015 The Author(s). Published by The Geological Society of London. All rights reserved
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Geological Society, London, Special Publications: 412 (1)
Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Volume 412
2015
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Peridotitic minerals of the Nidar Ophiolite in the NW Himalaya: sourced from the depth of the mantle transition zone and above

Souvik Das, Barun K. Mukherjee, Asish R. Basu and Koushick Sen
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 412, 271-286, 20 May 2015, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP412.12
Souvik Das
1Petrology and Geochemistry Group, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS Road, Dehra Dun, 248001, India
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Barun K. Mukherjee
1Petrology and Geochemistry Group, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS Road, Dehra Dun, 248001, India
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Asish R. Basu
2Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
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  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Koushick Sen Jr
1Petrology and Geochemistry Group, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS Road, Dehra Dun, 248001, India
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site

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Peridotitic minerals of the Nidar Ophiolite in the NW Himalaya: sourced from the depth of the mantle transition zone and above

Souvik Das, Barun K. Mukherjee, Asish R. Basu and Koushick Sen
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 412, 271-286, 20 May 2015, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP412.12
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