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Periodic sulphur dioxide degassing from the Soufrière Hills Volcano related to deep magma supply

T. Christopher, M. Edmonds, B. Taisne, H. Odbert, A. Costa, V. Hards and G. Wadge
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 410, 123-141, 5 September 2014, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP410.11
T. Christopher
1Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies
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M. Edmonds
2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
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B. Taisne
3Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, N2-01B-25, Singapore 639798
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H. Odbert
4School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK
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A. Costa
5Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Bologna, Via Donato Creti, 12, 40128 Bologna, Italy
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V. Hards
6British Geological Survey Environmental Science Centre, Nicker Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK
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G. Wadge
7Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Abstract

Soufrière Hills Volcano produced prodigious quantities of sulphur dioxide (SO2) gas throughout 1995–2013. An unprecedented, detailed record of SO2 flux shows that high SO2 fluxes were sustained through eruptive pauses and for two years after the end of lava extrusion and are decoupled from lava extrusion rates. Lava extrusion rates have exhibited strong 1- to 2-year cyclicity. Wavelet analysis demonstrates periodicities of c. 5 months and c. 2 years within the SO2 time series, as well as the shorter cycles identified previously. The latter period is similar to the wavelength of cycles in lava extrusion, albeit non-systematically offset. The periodicities are consistent with pressure changes accompanying deformation in a coupled magma reservoir system whereby double periodic behaviour may arise from limited connectivity between two reservoirs. During periods of lava extrusion SO2 is released together with the lava (yielding the c. 2 year period), albeit with some offset. In contrast, when magma cannot flow because of its yield strength, SO2 is released independently from lava (yielding the c. 5 month period). Our results have implications for eruption forecasting. It seems likely that, when deep supply of magma ceases, gas fluxes will cease to be periodic.

  • © 2015 The Geological Society of London
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Geological Society, London, Special Publications: 410 (1)
Geological Society, London, Special Publications
Volume 410
2015
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Periodic sulphur dioxide degassing from the Soufrière Hills Volcano related to deep magma supply

T. Christopher, M. Edmonds, B. Taisne, H. Odbert, A. Costa, V. Hards and G. Wadge
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 410, 123-141, 5 September 2014, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP410.11
T. Christopher
1Montserrat Volcano Observatory, Salem, Montserrat, West Indies
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
M. Edmonds
2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
B. Taisne
3Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, N2-01B-25, Singapore 639798
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
H. Odbert
4School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
A. Costa
5Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Sezione di Bologna, Via Donato Creti, 12, 40128 Bologna, Italy
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  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
V. Hards
6British Geological Survey Environmental Science Centre, Nicker Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK
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G. Wadge
7Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Periodic sulphur dioxide degassing from the Soufrière Hills Volcano related to deep magma supply

T. Christopher, M. Edmonds, B. Taisne, H. Odbert, A. Costa, V. Hards and G. Wadge
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 410, 123-141, 5 September 2014, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP410.11
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