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Nyamulagira’s magma plumbing system inferred from 15 years of InSAR

C. Wauthier, V. Cayol, M. Poland, F. Kervyn, N. D’Oreye, A. Hooper, S. Samsonov, K. Tiampo and B. Smets
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 380, 18 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP380.9
C. Wauthier
GeMMe Unit, Georesources and Geo-Imaging, University of Liege, Liege, BelgiumEarth Sciences Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, BelgiumPresent address: Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC, USA
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V. Cayol
Lab. Magmas et Volcans, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 6524, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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M. Poland
US Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hawaii National Park, Hawaii, USA
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F. Kervyn
Earth Sciences Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
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N. D’Oreye
Departments of Geophysics/Astrophysics, National Museum of Natural History, Walferdange, LuxembourgEuropean Center for Geodynamics and Seismology, Walferdange, Luxembourg
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A. Hooper
Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The NetherlandsPresent address: School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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S. Samsonov
Department of Earth Sciences, Western University, Ontario, Canada
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K. Tiampo
Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Canada
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B. Smets
Earth Sciences Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, BelgiumEuropean Center for Geodynamics and Seismology, Walferdange, LuxembourgCanada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Canada
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Abstract

Nyamulagira, located in the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo on the western branch of the East African rift, is Africa’s most active volcano, with an average of one eruption every 3 years since 1938. Owing to the socio-economical context of that region, the volcano lacks ground-based geodetic measurements but has been monitored by interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) since 1996. A combination of 3D Mixed Boundary Element Method and inverse modelling, taking into account topography and source interactions, is used to interpret InSAR ground displacements associated with eruptive activity in 1996, 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2010. These eruptions can be fitted by models incorporating dyke intrusions, and some (namely the 2006 and 2010 eruptions) require a magma reservoir beneath the summit caldera. We investigate inter-eruptive deformation with a multi-temporal InSAR approach. We propose the following magma plumbing system at Nyamulagira by integrating numerical deformation models with other available data: a deep reservoir (c. 25 km depth) feeds a shallower reservoir (c. 4 km depth); proximal eruptions are fed from the shallow reservoir through dykes while distal eruptions can be fed directly from the deep reservoir. A dyke-like conduit is also present beneath the upper southeastern flank of Nyamulagira.

  • © The Geological Society of London 2013

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Nyamulagira’s magma plumbing system inferred from 15 years of InSAR

C. Wauthier, V. Cayol, M. Poland, F. Kervyn, N. D’Oreye, A. Hooper, S. Samsonov, K. Tiampo and B. Smets
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 380, 18 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP380.9
C. Wauthier
GeMMe Unit, Georesources and Geo-Imaging, University of Liege, Liege, BelgiumEarth Sciences Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, BelgiumPresent address: Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
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  • For correspondence: cwauthier@dtm.ciw.edu
V. Cayol
Lab. Magmas et Volcans, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 6524, OPGC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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M. Poland
US Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hawaii National Park, Hawaii, USA
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F. Kervyn
Earth Sciences Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
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N. D’Oreye
Departments of Geophysics/Astrophysics, National Museum of Natural History, Walferdange, LuxembourgEuropean Center for Geodynamics and Seismology, Walferdange, Luxembourg
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A. Hooper
Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The NetherlandsPresent address: School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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S. Samsonov
Department of Earth Sciences, Western University, Ontario, Canada
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K. Tiampo
Canada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Canada
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B. Smets
Earth Sciences Department, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, BelgiumEuropean Center for Geodynamics and Seismology, Walferdange, LuxembourgCanada Centre for Remote Sensing, Ottawa, Canada
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Nyamulagira’s magma plumbing system inferred from 15 years of InSAR

C. Wauthier, V. Cayol, M. Poland, F. Kervyn, N. D’Oreye, A. Hooper, S. Samsonov, K. Tiampo and B. Smets
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 380, 18 June 2013, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP380.9
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