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Geological Society, London, Special Publications; 2007; v. 289; p. 1-6;
DOI: 10.1144/SP289.1
© 2007 Geological Society of London

Articles

Introduction: the relationship between damage and localization

G. D. Couples1,2 & H. Lewis1,2

1 Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Heriot–Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK (e-mail: gary.couples@pet.hw.ac.uk)
2 ECOSSE (Edinburgh Collaborative of Subsurface Science and Engineering), a part of the Edinburgh Research Partnership in Engineering and Mathematics

The first 300 words of the full text of this article appear below.

The papers that appear in this Special Publication were assembled to address a topic that was the subject of a conference entitled ‘Damage and Localization’, one of a series of three Euroconferences on rock mechanics and rock physics that were supported by European Commission funding. Some of papers contained herein were derived from the contributions presented at that meeting, but others were solicited subsequently in order to create a coherent volume that illustrates some key facets of the topic as it is now understood. However, the subject is sufficiently broad that a single collection of papers cannot hope to do justice to the whole theme. This Introduction outlines the conceptual threads that underpin the selection of papers that are included in this volume and introduces the cross-scale relationships that are addressed by the individual contributons. We hope that the reader will find these contributions to be stimulating and informative.


   The meaning of ‘damage’ and ‘localization’
 
Two very different uses of the term ‘damage’ are illustrated in this Special Publication. Guéguen & Bésuelle provide a clear summary of one usage, in which the term ‘damage’ refers to an alteration of the macroscopic material properties of a rock as a consequence of the development of arrays of microfractures. This concept of damage is based on a perspective that is similar to effective-medium theory, where reality is idealized into a system of a few components (perhaps only two: ‘solid’ and cracks that are represented by idealized, flattened ellipsoidal voids) whose interactions can be expressed analytically, thus allowing the calculation of the response of that composite material. The motivation behind the creation of this damage concept came from laboratory studies, which have led to an understanding that many rocks respond to pre-failure, or pre-yield, loading by developing microcracks (grain-scale discontinuities), leading to acoustic emissions that can be externally recorded. Concurrent . . . [Full Text of this Article]