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Geological Society, London, Special Publications; 2008; v. 294; p. 197-210;
DOI: 10.1144/SP294.11
© 2008 Geological Society of London

Articles

Tectonic evolution of the Brasília Belt, Central Brazil, and early assembly of Gondwana

C. M. Valeriano1,4, M. M. Pimentel2,4, M. Heilbron1,4, J. C. H. Almeida1,4 & R. A. J. Trouw3,4

1 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Geologia, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524/4006-A, Maracanã 20559-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil (e-mail: claudio.valeriano{at}pq.cnpq.br)
2 Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Geociências, Instituto de Geociências—Universidade de Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
3 Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociências, Centro de Ciências Matemáticas e da Natureza, Bloco F, Ilha do Fundão 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
4 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—CNPq

The Brasília Belt comprises terranes and thrust-sheets that were tectonically transported towards the western passive margin of the São Francisco–Congo palaeocontinent during an orogenic episode resulting from collision of the Paranapanema and Goiás blocks and the Goiás magmatic arc against São Francisco–Congo at 0.64–0.61 Ga. The tectonic zones of the belt are, from east to west: a foreland zone with Archaean–Palaeoproterozoic granite–greenstone basement covered by Neoproterozoic anchimetamorphic sedimentary rocks (Bambuí Group); a low metamorphic grade thrust-fold belt of proximal shelf successions, mostly siliciclastic, containing rare basement slivers; metamorphic nappes in upper greenschist to granulite facies of distal shelf and slope metasediments and subordinate tholeiitic metabasalts; the Goiás massif, possibly a microcontinent; and the Goiás magmatic arc. The accretion of these terranes against the western margin of the São Francisco–Congo palaeocontinent took place during an early phase of Gondwana supercontinent amalgamation, when terranes accreted around São Francisco–Congo to create a proto-West Gondwana landmass, around which subsequent collisional and accretionary events followed, such as those in the Borborema–Trans-Saharan province (c. 0.62–0.60 Ga); in the Ribeira–Araçuaí belt (c. 0.58 Ga); along the Araguaia and Paraguay belts (collision of Amazonia, c. 0.54–0.52 Ga); and the accretion of Cabo Frio terrane in the Ribeira Belt (c. 0.53–0.50 Ga).