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Geological Society, London, Special Publications; 2007; v. 292; p. 309-336;
DOI: 10.1144/SP292.18
© 2007 Geological Society of London

Articles

Static and dynamic connectivity in bed-scale models of faulted and unfaulted turbidites

T. Manzocchi1, J. J. Walsh1, M. Tomasso2,3, J. Strand1,4, C. Childs1 & P. D. W. Haughton2

1 Fault Analysis Group, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland (e-mail: tom{at}fag.ucd.ie)
2 Marine and Petroleum Geology Group, School of Geological Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
3 Current Address: Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, University Station, Box X, Austin, Texas 78713-8924, USA
4 Current Address: CSIRO Petroleum, P.O. Box 1130, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia

A range of unfaulted and faulted bed-scale models with sheet-like or lobate bed geometries and faults of comparable sizes to beds have been built and analysed in terms of bed connectivity and fractional permeability assuming permeable sands and impermeable shales and shale smears. A new method has been devised allowing amalgamation ratio to be included explicitly as model input and this property, rather than net:gross ratio, is found to be the dominant control on the connectivity of unfaulted sequences. At the geometrically representative scales considered (horizontal distances of >1 km for beds up to c. 1 m thick and faults up to c. 5 m throw), faulted sequences rarely have lower connectivities than their unfaulted sedimentological equivalents irrespective of whether fault rock properties are included. Models containing stochastically placed shale smears associated with each faulted shale horizon are generally better connected than if deterministic Shale Gouge Ratio cut-offs are applied. Despite the complex interactions between geological input and connectivity of the faulted sequences, the flow properties at representative scales are controlled by three geometrical variables describing connectivity, anisotropy and resolution. If two different faulted or unfaulted systems have identical values of these three variables they will have the same equivalent flow properties.





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