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Geological Society, London, Special Publications; 2006; v. 259; p. 209-233;
DOI: 10.1144/GSL.SP.2006.259.01.17
© 2006 Geological Society of London

Part 3: Rifting in the Afar volcanic province: Modelling and kinematics

Dynamics of prolonged continental extension in magmatic rifts: the Turkana Rift case study (North Kenya)

William Vetel1 & Bernard Le Gall

Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), UMR 6538 UBO/CNRS, 4 Place Nicolas, Copernic, 29280 Plouzané, France
1 Estacion Regional del Noveste, Universidad Autonoma de Mexico, 83000 Hermosillo, Mexico wvetel{at}geologia.unam.mx

The Turkana magmatic rift (Northern Kenya) initiated at 45 Ma as one of the nucleation zones of rifting in the East African Rift. It forms an anomalously broad-rifted zone (c. 200 km) striking with a north-south trend and lying within a NW-SE topographic depression, floored on both sides of the Turkana area by Cretaceous rifts in the Sudan and Anza plains. From a compilation of available data, combined with newly acquired remote sensing and DEM dataset, we propose a five-stage tectono-magmatic model for the Turkana rift evolution (45–23 Ma; 23–15 Ma; 15–6 Ma; 6–2.6 Ma and 2.6 Ma-Present). The corresponding ‘restored’ maps clearly show the changing spatial distribution of magmatism and fault/basin network with time, hence supplying some clues about dynamics of continental extension. First-order basement-rooted transverse faults zones are identified and their influence on nucleation and propagation of strain is demonstrated, whereas the role of magmatic ‘soft-spots’ as concentrating strain is minimized. Blocking of deformation as well as rift jump and lateral transfer of strain are discussed in relation to various types of fault interaction (dip direction, strikes and acute/obtuse angle of the intersecting faults). The causal links between rift nucleation ‘cells’ and inherited transverse weakness zones in the Turkana rift might also exist elsewhere along the eastern branch of the East African Rift, hence suggesting a complex and discontinuous mode of rift propagation.





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[Abstract] [PDF]