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Geological Society, London, Special Publications; 2002; v. 198; p. 287-296;
DOI: 10.1144/GSL.SP.2002.198.01.19
© 2002 Geological Society of London

Alkaline mine drainage from metal sulphide and coal mines: examples from Svalbard and Siberia

David Banks1, Valery P. Parnachev2, Bjørn Frengstad3,4, Wayne Holden5, Anatoly A. Vedernikov6 & Olga V. Karnachuk7

1 Holymoor Consultancy, 86 Holymoor Road, Holymoorside, Chesterfield, Derbyshire S42 7DX, UK
2 Department of Dynamic Geology, Tomsk State University, Prospekt Lenina 36, 634050-Tomsk, Russian Federation
3 Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
4 Institutt for Geologi og Bergteknikk, Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
5 URS Dames & Moore, St. George’s House (2nd Floor), 5 St. George’s Road, Wimbledon, London SW19 4DR, UK
6 State Committee for Environmental Protection of the Republic of Khakassia, Abakan, Republic of Khakassia, Russian Federation
7 Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Tomsk State University, Prospekt Lenina 36, 634050-Tomsk, Russian Federation

Not all water from coal or metal mines is acidic. Circum-neutral or alkaline mine drainage may be due to: (i) a low content of sulphide minerals; (ii) the presence of monosulphides rather than pyrite or marcasite; (iii) a large pyrite grain-size limiting oxidation rate; (iv) neutralization of acid by carbonate or basic silicate minerals; (v) engineering factors (introduction of lime dust for explosion prevention; cement or rock flour during construction works); (vi) neutralization of acid by naturally highly alkaline groundwaters; (vii) circulating water not coming into effective contact with sulphide minerals; and (viii) oxygen not coming into direct contact with sulphide minerals or influent water being highly reducing.