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Geological Society, London, Special Publications; 1984; v. 17; p. 225-233;
DOI: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.017.01.16
© 1984 Geological Society of London

2. Neoththys: Levant and North African offshore

Ophiolites and volcanic activity near the western edge of the Arabian plate

Michel Delaloye & Jean-Jacques Wagner

Earth Sciences Section, The University, CH-1211 Geneva 4

The geology of the Eastern Mediterranean is governed partly by the collision of the Arabian plate with the Anatolian block and partly by the Dead Sea Rift.

The oceanic elements which have been formed between these two blocks are still visible as obducted fragments represented amongst others by the two ophiolitic massifs of Hatay and Baër-Bassit.

The opening of the Atlantic ocean give rise, in the Eastern Mediterranean, to complex relative movements which can partly be resolved into a west to east shear and a south to north compression. The shear pre-dates the compression and took place between the Triassic and middle Cretaceous. It is responsible for the rifting and the volcanism in Syria, as well as the formation of a basin capable of producing ophiolites such as Hatay and Baër-Bassit.

The compressive phase began in the middle Cretaceous and resulted in the detachment and the emplacement of the ophiolites on the Arabian continental margin. The timing of this phase can be determined from the age of the Baër-Bassit amphibolitic sole. Traces of this compressive episode are seen as late as the Neogene.





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